perm filename MT4[1,LCS] blob sn#834830 filedate 1987-02-22 generic text, type T, neo UTF8



                                          26


          4. Motivic Repetition.  Saving Input Data.


                                      Example 8.










                1.   RS
                2.   IN 1
                3.   1
                4.   TR/T99 1/ A(E4/A/G/D)/ B(F:A:E5)/B4/@A/@B-3/@B-2/M/
                5.   @A2/@A3/ C(A5:D:B4)/@A3/@C1/M/
                6.   @A3/@A1/R/@A-1/@B-2/M;
                7.   Q(SX4/E)//@Q/@-Q/@Q/@Q/SX8/TX6;
                8.   S 5 6 11 12 21 26/WS 39;
                9.   2B;
               10.   1 4/7 10/13 16/17 20/22 25/27 34/35 38;
               11.   SA EX8AA.XXX










               A motive may be  defined as any sequence of  events in  notes
          or rhythms.  Each motive will be identified  by a single letter of
          the alphabet.  Up to twenty-six  different motives may  be defined
          in any  continuous run  of the SCORE program.  Each time you leave
          SCORE  (by  typing 'ex') all  the motive  identifiers are  cleared
          from  the  program.  SCORE  understands  that  a  motive is  being
          defined  by  the  presence  of  a  left  parenthesis   immediately
          following a  letter.  The motive definition  is complete when  the
          right hand parenthesis appears.   This normally occurs just before
          a slash or semicolon.  Motives can be of almost any length.

               In line 4., the first four notes  of Example 8 are defined as
          motive A.   Then  the three-note chord  is  defined  as  motive B.
          Once  defined, a motive  may be recalled  by typing  the "at" sign
          (@), followed  by the motive's identifying letter.  Thus  all four
          notes of beat three are created by typing @A.



                              -------- SCORE 4 --------








                                          27


               Motives may  be transposed by scale steps.  The chords of the
          fourth  beat are of  the  same structure as the  first  chord, but
          presented first  three scale steps  lower, then two  steps  lower.
          This input  is accomplished  at the end of  line 4. by @B-3/@B-2/.
          Then  measure two begins with  motive A up two steps,  and then up
          three steps.   This is entered as @A2/@A3/.  Thus transposition is
          achieved by placing any  positive or  negative number  immediately
          afto the  motive  letter.  Note well that  the transpositions  are
          only  by  scale  steps;  the particular  sλ_hλ_aλ_pλ_eλ_ of  the  motive  is
          maintained regardless of the  specific intervals involved.  If any
          accidentals are used, they  will appear "as is" in  any transposi-
          tion.   For  example,  given  motive Z  which may  be  defined  as
          Z(GS4/BF/A)/,  its  transposition  down  two  steps,  @Z-2/, would
          cause the notes E sharp, G flat, F to appear.  Great  care must be
          taken when any accidentals are included in motives.

               Motive B cannot be used  for the two  chords  in  measure two
          because  their vertical position requires  that the stems  go down
          rather than up.  A  new motive,  C, is  then established  for this
          form of the chord.

               In  line 7.  the group  of four sixteenth rhythms followed by
          an  eighth is set as  motive Q.   This particular group was chosen
          because of the  various ways the motive may be used as the rhythms
          continue.  At beat three the motive  returns, followed immediately
          by  a  retrograde  form of  the  group,  i.e.  an eighth and  four
          sixteenths.  Retrograde motion is indicated  by the  presence of a
          minus  sign between the @  and the identifying letter.  Retrograde
          forms of  note  motives may also  be used.  Based on this example,
          if @-A2/ were typed, the notes F, B, C, G would appear.

               Rhythmic  diminutions and augmentations can also  be produced
          with this system.  Given the  rhythmic motive Q above,  @Q2/ would
          be   equivalent  to  typing  EX4/H/.   With  rhythm,   the  number
          following the  motive letter becomes a simple multipler.  That is,
          "2" would make all the rhythmic durations twice as long.  If @Q.5/
          were typed,  it  would be  the  same  as  32X4/S/.   The  rhythmic
          durations would be multiplied by .5 and thus become half as long.
















                              -------- SCORE 4 --------








                                          28


               The  motive  system can be  used  to advantage if many chords
          appear.

                                      Example 9.

                1.   RS
                2.   IN 1
                3.   1 150 1
                4.   TR/ D(PC4:E:G)/ E(E:G:C)/ F(G:C:E)/ G(G5:E:C)/
                5.   H(C6:G:E)/ I(E6:C:G)/M/ @D1/ @F1/ @E1/ @G1/ @I1/
                6.   @H1/ BA/M/ @D-10/ @E-10/ @F-10/ @G-10/ @H-10/
                7.   TR/ @F-3/M;
                8.   Z(E/S//E//Q)/E/S//Q/E//@Z;
                9.   ;
               10.   2B;
               11.   ;
               12.   SA EX9AA.XXX












               Notice  the transpositions.   In  measure two all  the chords
          are one  step higher  than the  original  positions.   In  measure
          three they are  ten  steps lower, until  the last chord,  which is
          three steps lower than  the third chord of  measure one.  Remember
          that the "steps" referred to are mλ_uλ_sλ_iλ_cλ_aλ_lλ_  steps.  The  first chord
          of the third measure  is  placed  on the staff two steps above the
          position  of the first  chord  of  the  first  measure.   However,
          because of  the intervening  bass clef the chord  of bar three  is
          ten musical steps lower than the first chord.

               Be careful to use a new motive letter  if a  chord  must have
          its stem go in a new direction.  Even  though the fourth  chord is
          the same as the first, but an octave higher, it cannot  be entered
          as @A/ because the stem must go down with the fourth chord.











                              -------- SCORE 4 --------








                                          29


               Once a motive has been established it can  be used as part of
          larger motive.

                                     Example 10.

                1.   RS
                2.   IN 1
                3.   1 120 1
                4.   TR/ J(E4/G/F)/ K(A/C5/B4/A)/ Z(@J/@K)/ M/
                5.   @J2/ @K-4/ @Z/ M;
                6.   S//E/SX4/ X7 4;
                7.   ;
                8.   2B;
                9.   ;
               10.   SA EX10A.XXX










               In the  above example,  if the  entire second measure were to
          be used  again  at  some  later time,  it  could be made into  yet
          another motive.  Then line 5. would appear as follows.

                5.   X(@J2/ @K-4/ @Z/ M);

               Now  whenever the motive X  is  recalled it  will include all
          fourteen notes of bar two, plus the bar line.


               Each time when you  begin  running  SCORE the  motive list is
          empty.  As  motives  are defined they are added to the list.  Care
          must be  taken that duplicate motive names are not  used  and that
          any motive recalled has actually been defined in  the current  run
          of the program.   Sometimes it may be useful to set up  a  file of
          dummy motives which will include  several musical structures which
          need to be used frequently in  piece.  In the following example it
          is assumed that  SCORE is being run from "scratch."  (To exit from
          SCORE type "ex".  To restart the program type "SCORE.")










                              -------- SCORE 4 --------








                                          30


                                     Example 11.

                1.   IN 1
                2.   20
                3.   A(PC4:E:G)/ B(E:G:C)/ C(G:C:E)/
                4.   D(G:E:C)/ E(C6:G:E)/ F(E6:C:G);
                5.   QX6;
                6.   G;
                7.   RS









               Let us assume that  the above has been prepared  in  an  edit
          file which  was saved under the  name MOT.   Once SCORE is running
          you then type:

               READ MOT

               The READ command transfers control of the SCORE  program from
          the keyboard  to a  designated edit file.  Any command that can be
          typed  to SCORE can be  put into  a READ file.  The  names of such
          files can  use up to five characters.  No  extension may be  added
          to the name.  As  the file MOT is being read  in the notes  of the
          chords  given in the  file will appear on  the  screen.   However,
          since  the  last  command  in  the  file  is  RS   (restart),  the
          appearance of  the chords will  be very  brief.  Now  these chords
          can be used in any further  input by  simply typing @A/, @B/, etc.
          If  you should ever wish to clear all the  motives from the system
          you simply type "MC" -- which stands for "motive clear."


          Error correction ------

               Errors may be  corrected at any time while using the  IN mode
          of entering music by typing the " " character.   When this is done
          all  the lines you have typed will be redisplayed, one by one, and
          you will  be  given the  opportunity to  accept  each  line as is,
          delete it, retype it,  or insert additional lines.  Then, when the
          IN mode is finished normally, all  the lines of data may  be saved
          to a disk  file.  If there were any typing errors  it  is possible
          to exit from SCORE and  correct the contents of your saved file by
          means of any edit program.  Then the READ command may  be  used to
          re-submit the data to SCORE.





                              -------- SCORE 4 --------